[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/historicke-mezniky-vyvoje-tkalcovskeho-stavu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/historicke-mezniky-vyvoje-tkalcovskeho-stavu\/","headline":"Historick\u00e9 mezn\u00edky v\u00fdvoje tkalcovsk\u00e9ho stavu","name":"Historick\u00e9 mezn\u00edky v\u00fdvoje tkalcovsk\u00e9ho stavu","description":"\u017de se ka\u017ed\u00fd den m\u016f\u017eeme obl\u00e9kat do pohodln\u00e9ho a vkusn\u00e9ho od\u011bvu, pova\u017eujeme za samoz\u0159ejmost. Jist\u011b, v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b n\u00e1m mnohdy sta\u010d\u00ed jen...","datePublished":"2025-02-27","dateModified":"2023-05-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4eaadff62661a2c38386085c87f88f683e575f9fda122ff8560bf1208996f3c5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4eaadff62661a2c38386085c87f88f683e575f9fda122ff8560bf1208996f3c5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"jeki.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308347_w2315_t1519463453.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308347_w2315_t1519463453.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/historicke-mezniky-vyvoje-tkalcovskeho-stavu\/","wordCount":458,"articleBody":"\t\u017de se ka\u017ed\u00fd den m\u016f\u017eeme obl\u00e9kat do pohodln\u00e9ho a vkusn\u00e9ho od\u011bvu, pova\u017eujeme za samoz\u0159ejmost. Jist\u011b, v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b n\u00e1m mnohdy sta\u010d\u00ed jen plavky, nebo \u0161ortky, v\u011bt\u0161ina mu\u017e\u016f by nav\u00edc uv\u00edtala sledovat \u017eeny a d\u00edvky \u00fapln\u011b nah\u00e9, v\u00a0jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9 kr\u00e1se, ale bez vyn\u00e1lezu tkalcovsk\u00e9ho stavu a tkac\u00edho stroje bychom si v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b neobl\u00e9kli ani to oby\u010dejn\u00e9 tri\u010dko.\t\tPrvn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdroba tkanin, kterou archeologov\u00e9 mohou potvrdit sv\u00fdmi n\u00e1lezy, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0doby 7 tis\u00edc let p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem. V\u00a0tureck\u00e9 Anatolii byly nalezeny zbytky ln\u011bn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna, kter\u00e9 se vyr\u00e1b\u011blo pomoc\u00ed propl\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed pevn\u00e9 osnovy zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00a0d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9m r\u00e1mu. N\u00e1lezy z\u00a0t\u00e9ho\u017e m\u00edsta, jen o n\u011bkolik stovek let mlad\u0161\u00ed, potvrzuj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b textilu vyu\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 osnovu nap\u00ednalo. Na stejn\u00e9m principu se vyr\u00e1b\u011bla i textilie, kter\u00e1 je dosud nejstar\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1lezem na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceska, z\u00a0doby 7 tis\u00edc let p\u0159ed Kristem.\t\tPrvn\u00ed osnovn\u00ed v\u00e1lec tkalcovsk\u00e9ho stavu poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny\tPrvn\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdci dne\u0161n\u00edch stav\u016f se v\u0161ak objevuj\u00ed mnohem pozd\u011bji, v\u00a0dob\u011b 2 tis\u00edce let p\u0159ed narozen\u00edm Krista. Jednalo se ji\u017e o osnovu vodorovnou, stroj ovl\u00e1dal pracovn\u00edk pomoc\u00ed tzv. pro\u0161lupu, co\u017e je prostor mezi dv\u011bma \u0159adami nit\u00ed v\u00a0osnov\u011b. Pohyb \u0161\u0148\u016fr se ovl\u00e1dal no\u017en\u00edmi ped\u00e1ly. Prvn\u00ed tkalcovsk\u00fd stav s\u00a0brdem a s\u00a0osnovn\u00edm v\u00e1lcem poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny a do Evropy jej importovali dovozci textili\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1500 let p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem.\t\tPr\u016flom p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed vyn\u00e1lezem l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlunku\tV\u00fdznamnou zm\u011bnu ve v\u00fdvoji v\u00fdroby textiln\u00edch tkanin p\u0159inesl vyn\u00e1lez tkalcovsk\u00e9ho \u010dlunku. Bylo to v\u00a0roce 1733, vyn\u00e1lezcem byl brit J. Kay. Princip l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlunku mezi osnovn\u00edmi nit\u011bmi p\u0159inesl n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu tkac\u00edho soustroj\u00ed a lid\u00e9 mohli ji\u017e v\u00a0polovin\u011b 18. stolet\u00ed utkat 40 cm l\u00e1tky za minutu. Vylep\u0161en\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez \u010dlunku si nechal patentovat brit E. Cartwright v\u00a0roce 1785 a na tomto principu pak pracovaly v\u0161echny tkalcovsk\u00e9 stavy a\u017e do ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 doby.\tZaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b dnes se v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch tk\u00e1 velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed tkanin pr\u00e1v\u011b na ru\u010dn\u00edch stavech. Nap\u0159. v\u00a0Indii je v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0provozu v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 miliony ru\u010dn\u00edch stav\u016f a pouh\u00e9 dva miliony stroj\u016f mechanick\u00fdch.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.7\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Historick\u00e9 mezn\u00edky v\u00fdvoje tkalcovsk\u00e9ho stavu","item":"https:\/\/www.jeki.cz\/historicke-mezniky-vyvoje-tkalcovskeho-stavu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]